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Breaking TrustZone-M: Privilege Escalation on LPC55S69

Laura AbbottRick Altherr

Laura Abbott and Rick Altherr break ARM TrustZone-M hardware isolation on the NXP LPC55S69 microcontroller, elevating privileges from Non-Secure to Secure world.

Summary

The Architecture of ARMv8-M TrustZone-M

TrustZone-M introduces hardware-enforced Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs) to low-power embedded microcontrollers, isolating sensitive cryptographic keys from general application firmware.

Auditing Secure-to-Non-Secure Transitions

Laura Abbott and Rick Altherr examine the hardware memory protection controller and Non-Secure Callable (NSC) function gateway implementations on the NXP LPC55S69.

Discovering Hardware Configuration and Firmware Flaws

By exploiting improper SAU/IDAU register configurations and memory aliasing bugs, the researchers bypass TrustZone isolation and execute arbitrary code in Secure world.

Secure System Design for Embedded Developers

The authors outline best practices for configuring ARMv8-M security attribution units and validating transition boundaries.

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